Freedom
A fast establishing, production oriented rootstock useful in many applications.
High Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera Resistant
+ Helps induce vigor in cool climatesand very low vigor soils (especially regions1 & 2)
+ Broadest nematode resistance
+ Proven performer for Sauv. Blanc,Pinot Gris, Chardonnay & Merlot in premium interior
+ Fast establisher and strong producer
+ Adaptable to many soils
+ Aggressive nutrient forager
Limitations:
- Very intolerant of virus
- Low salinity
- Perceived as a “Central Valley” rootstock
- Perceived to cause increased pH in finished wines
Successful Applications:
+ Best choice available for broad nematode resistance
There are better alternatives for:
- High density/ultra premium programs on vigorous sites
- Alkali and Saline soils
- Virused budwood
5C
A familiar and adapted rootstock to coastal and delta premium winegrowing programs.
Moderate Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Preferred by many winemakers for desirable sensory attributes (especially Cab. Sauv.)
+ Well understood and widely available
+ Many successful premium and ultrapremium applications on moderate to high vigor sites
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ Good nematode resistance, third only to Freedom and Salt Creek
Limitations:
- Requires careful irrigation management due to low tolerance to drought conditions or deficit irrigation
- Weak growth on sandy or shallow soils
Successful Applications:
+ Moderate density plantings on vigorous sites
There are better alternatives for:
- Low vigor soils and limited water sites
5 BB
A very versatile rootstock for many programs.
Moderate to High Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ Good nematode resistance
+ Moderate drought tolerance
+ Moderate tolerance to chloride
Limitations:
- Rejects some virused budwood
Successful Applications:
+ Widely adapted for much of California
+ Popular alternative to Freedom in Central Valley
+ Production/split canopy programs in moderate to vigorous soils
Should be tried and tested for:
Adverse soils ie. Alkali
There are better alternatives for:
- Wet feet sites
420 A
A good ultra premium rootstock for welldrained, high-density sites.
Low to Moderate Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ High drought tolerance among less vigor stocks
+ Good fruit set/production
Limitations: – Poor nematode resistance
- Poor potassium uptake
Successful Applications:
+ Ultra premium programs
+ High density (3 to 5 feet)
Should be tried and tested for:
More through out California
There are better alternatives for:
- Wider vine spacing
- Virused budwood
110 R
A proven rootstock for drought tolerance and many low vigor sites.
High Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ High drought tolerance
+ Low nitrogen uptake
Limitations:
- Poor nematode resistance
- Poorer performer in spring-saturated soils
Successful Applications:
+ Magnesium solid
+ 110 R out performs 44-53 M in high Mg soils
+ Production/split canopy programs in moderate to high vigor soils
+ Good choice for low pH soils
There are better alternatives for:
- High density plantings in vigorous soils
- Nematode infested soils
1103 P
A versatile drought tolerant production root-stock.
High Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ High drought tolerance
+ Adaptable to many soils
+ Moderate resistance to root knot nematode
Limitations:
- Not as tolerant to wet soil conditions as previously considered
Successful Applications:
+ Irrigated hillside with shallow soil
+ Production/split canopy programs in low to moderate vigor sites
+ Table grape production
Should be tried and tested for:
? Alkali soils
? Dry framed sites
There are better alternatives for:
- High density programs in vigorous sites
3309 C
The most widely used rootstock for ultra
premium programs.
Moderate to High Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ Strong history for ultra-premium programs
+ Fast establishment
Limitations:
- Poor nematode resistance
- Easily stressed, especially when young
- Can strongly manifest virus symptoms if stressed
- Incompatibility potential with ‘no-history’ wood
Successful Applications:
+ High density plantings in premium wine-growing regions
+ Predominant rootstock for Oregon Vineyards
+ Has performed well in San Joaquin Delta and Foothill county soils
Should be tried and tested for:
Split canopy on high vigor soils
There are better alternatives for:
- Replantings
- High magnesium/calcium soils
- Virused or unknown history budwood
- Nematode infested sites
140 R
A versatile drought tolerant production rootstock.
Highest Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ High drought tolerance
+ Adaptable to many soils
+ Good choice for Alkalinity & Low pH soils
Limitations:
- Poor nematode resistance
- May be too vigorous for many applications
Successful Applications:
+ Irrigated hillside with shallow soil sites
+ Production/split canopy programs in low to moderate vigor sites
Should be tried and tested for:
Nematode Resistance
Deficit Irrigation Programs
There are better alternatives for:
- High density programs in vigorous sites
- Nematode infested soils
SO4
Another versatile rootstock for many programs.
Moderate to High Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ High drought tolerance among less vigor stocks
+ Good fruit set/production
Limitations:
- None found yet
Successful Applications:
+ Good for high ultra premium programs
+ Good for high magnesium sites
+ Continues to rise in popularity in Europe
Should be tried and tested for:
Virus compatibility
Degree of vigor among various sites
101-14 MG
An alternative rootstock for premium to ultra premium programs.
Moderate Vigor.
Advantages:
+ Phylloxera resistant
+ Moderate nematode resistance
+ Tolerant of wet soils
Successful Applications:
+ High density programs
+ Ultra premium programs
+ Good Potassium uptake
Should be tried and tested for:
Table grape programs to improve coloring
Virus compatibility
High Magnesium soils
There are better alternatives for:
- Production programs, until further tested
